Important division of the plants, containing all terrestrial plants except of mosses and pteridophytes.

The seed plants succeeded in adapting particularly good to the main land. In contrast to pteridophytes and mosses, they don´t need fluid water for reproduction. In addition, they optimized some adaptive features of the pteridophytes like the internal vascular system, the external water-resistant cuticle, and stomata for regulating transpiration and water transportation. Due to these features, the seed plants are dominating plant life on the main land. About 240 000 species are known, 700 of these species are belonging to the gymnosperms, the other species are angiosperms.