Orchids (Orchidaceae)

The family of orchids is one of the largest plant families on earth (about 20 000 species). Orchids are growing worldwide and are often highly specialized.

Some orchids live as "epiphytes" on the surface of other plants (for example on the bark of trees) others have lost their green leaves and live as parasites. Many orchids have established symbioses with fungi and are depending on them at least during their germination.

Orchids are important ornamental plants and provide famous spices (for example vanilla, the fermented fruits from Vanilla planifolia). The strong specialization of orchids to certain stands results in the severe endangerment of many species. The figure shows a flower from the genus Dactylorhiza.